OPEC “Optimism” Sparks Sudden Oil Spike

Following news over the weekend of cancelled meetings, Saudi dropping out, and disagreement over who will bear the brunt of any cuts, oil prices had faded notably (testing towards a $44 handle). But then, someone unleashed the algo-friendly ‘O’ word and prices spiked… Iraq’s Oil Minister Jabbar al-Luaibi is optimistic a deal will be reached – sending WTOI up close to $47 and into the green from Friday’s close.

The day and week is young, expect the headline hockey to continue.

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Greece Is Not India? Hellenic Banks Plan “Tax On Cash Withdrawals” To Combat Black Economy

Greek banks have proposed a series of measures to combat tax evasion, strengthen the electronic transactions and limit the use of cash in the economy, and as KeepTalkingGreece.com reports, one of the measures proposed is a special tax on cash withdrawals.

 Bankers reportedly stress that cash money can easily and largely be channeled in the black economy. Therefore, a tax on cash withdrawals will drastically reduce cash transactions and by extension the black economy.

The bankers suggest that also credit and debit cards as wells as new technologies enabling cash-less transactions even for small amounts  and mobile phones can be used for the purchase of a transport ticket or a newspaper at the kiosk.

The bankers proposal to the government also includes:

-Mandatory use of cards or other electronic payment networks for every transaction with professions where there is strong evidence of tax evasion or where cash is mainly used [ like bakeries, kiosks, street vendors and chestnut sellers?].

 

-Mandatory use of cards or electronic networks for transactions above a certain amount [this measure is already in effect].

 

–Reforming the tax system by introducing a revenue-expenditure system. Households or professionals will only be taxed on the amount of income that is has not been spent. In this way, households and professionals will have a strong incentive to seek receipts for any expenditure in order to increase their expenditure and reduce the tax amount they will have to pay.

 

-Obligation for all businesses and regardless of their size to pay electronically every salary and wage. (source: Kathimerini via Liberal.gr)

I cannot say who came with this revolutionary idea, some genius young academics or the Greek bankers themselves, those over 60 who have their secretaries or their kids doing their transactions for them using their own iphones and ipads.

I have no idea whether they have asked the country’s creditors to reform the tax system in a cash-less more-incentives Greek world, where households will be obliged to use revenue-expenditure books.

I absolutely do not understand how can one sleek and glossy group of bankers propose such measures and rule the economic system of a country where some 30% of population lives or is at risk of  poverty, the welfare system has collapsed and thousands of families live on the 20- or 50-euro banknote a relative or a friend secretly stick in their pockets so that they buy some food, medicine or pay a small bill.

Not to mention those over 60 with minimum knowledge of electronic devices and applications and those over 80 who cannot even use a mobile phone.

Tax cash withdraws will of course give “capital controls” a new dimension.

I suppose the whole proposal has been drafted by a group of some academic professionals stuck in a huge bubble- Prove me wrong!

Are we going now about to ban cash and become India?

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Frontrunning: November 28

  • Trump Alleges That ‘Millions of People’ Voted Illegally (WSJ)
  • Oil slip sends dollar, bond yields skidding (Reuters)
  • Italian Lenders Slide on Vote Worries to Drag Down Europe Stocks (BBG)
  • OPEC makes last-ditch bid to save oil deal as tensions grow (Reuters)
  • How Iran, Russia Could Derail Oil-Production Deal (WSJ)
  • Tug of War Delays Some of Trump’s Key Appointments (WSJ)
  • French conservatives back Fillon for president, left flounders (Reuters)
  • How to Kill the Volcker Rule? Don’t Enforce It (WSJ)
  • Islamic State retreat reveals terror plots against Europe (Telegraph)
  • Trump’s dilemma: Support Big Oil and Big Corn? (Reuters)
  • Bomb defused near US embassy in Philippines (AFP)
  • Paul Manafort Is Back (BBG)
  • Fukushima nuclear decommission, compensation costs to almost double (Reuters)
  • Lufthansa Headed for Worst Pilot Strike on Hard-Line Stance (BBG)
  • How Amazon Gets Its Holiday Hires Up to Speed in Two Days (WSJ)
  • Wells Fargo Hit With Class Action Over Target-Date Funds (BBG)
  • Fearing tighter U.S. visa regime, Indian IT firms rush to hire, acquire (Reuters)
  • Fed braces for Trump administration shake-up (The Hill)
  • Uber drivers in U.S. cities to join planned worker protests (Reuters)
  • Britain seeks to strengthen ties with Poland before Brexit (Reuters)

 

Overnight Media Digest

WSJ

– President-elect Donald Trump dismissed charges that his victory was illegitimate, lashing out on Twitter at critics who point to Hillary Clinton’s lead of more than two million votes in the national popular vote as evidence. on.wsj.com/2gzPrl7

– The death of Fidel Castro is putting unexpected pressure on President-elect Donald Trump to follow through on earlier promises to reverse the recent openings to Cuba made by President Barack Obama. on.wsj.com/2gwASh3

– Corporations are scrambling to retool their lobbying efforts as Republicans, preparing for control of the House, Senate and White House come January, hope to break the partisan logjam that has blocked the passage of legislation for six years. on.wsj.com/2fGovRX

– So-called peak oil demand is a mind-bending scenario that global producers such as Royal Dutch Shell and state-owned Saudi Aramco are beginning to quietly anticipate. on.wsj.com/2fSRqjg

– High-quality bonds and financial stocks that had moved in lockstep before Donald Trump’s election are going their separate ways, an example of how Trump’s win has reshuffled markets in a way not seen since the financial crisis. on.wsj.com/2fUjEdA

– The World Trade Organization as early as Monday is expected to rule that Boeing Co has been granted illegal state subsidies for its newest long-range jetliner, according to people familiar with the finding. here

– Francois Fillon, a free market social conservative, won France’s center-right primary by a landslide, positioning him as the leading presidential candidate to take on National Front leader Marine Le Pen in next spring’s election. on.wsj.com/2gw2HGi

 

FT

German pilots union VC has announced further strikes at Lufthansa for Tuesday and Wednesday this week after fresh talks at the end of a four-day walkout failed to settle their long-running pay dispute.

Barclays Plc will combine its banking and investment services in an overhaul of its 30-year-old stockbroking operation. The bank said existing Barclays Stockbrokers customers would be transferred across to the Barclays Direct Investing site next year, ending three decades of the Stockbrokers brand.

Swedish home appliance maker Electrolux AB is testing the concept of “Uber for laundry” in which customers would use their own washing machines to wash other people’s clothes.

Spanish bank Banco Santander SA to abandon plans to split its UK operations in two to comply with ringfencing rules as it seeks greater flexibility to shift operations out of Britain if needed because to Brexit.

 

NYT

– President-elect Donald Trump said he had fallen short in popular vote in the general election only because millions of people had voted illegally. He wrote, “In addition to winning the Electoral College in a landslide, I won the popular vote if you deduct the millions of people who voted illegally”. http://nyti.ms/2fUOjrc

– Uber showed up in Europe in late 2011, and has faced vocal opposition. The heated battles will culminate on Tuesday in arguments before the European Court of Justice which will most likely determine how Uber can operate across the European Union, one of the company’s largest international markets. http://nyti.ms/2fUR5ga

– Nearly three weeks after the election, Hillary Clinton’s campaign said it would participate in a recount process in Wisconsin incited by a third-party candidate and would join any potential recounts in two other closely contested states, Pennsylvania and Michigan. http://nyti.ms/2fUSOSH

 

Britain

The Times

* Tata Steel Ltd is plotting an investment spree that could pump 100 million pounds ($124.7 million) a year into its British steelworks – only eight months after hoisting a “for sale” sign over the former Corus empire. http://bit.ly/2fme0Vo

* Bank of England Governor Mark Carney is working on a secret plan to keep British businesses in the single market for at least two years after the country leaves the European Union. http://bit.ly/2fmfZJh

The Guardian

* About 160,000 UK households are to face higher energy bills in the new year after the collapse of GB Energy Ltd . http://bit.ly/2fUeoqs

* The Equality and Human Rights Commission has written to the UK political parties asking them to tone down their Brexit rhetoric. http://bit.ly/2fEM9Ox

The Telegraph

* Ladbrokes Coral Group PLC is reportedly weighing up a bid for Australia’s largest bookie, Tabcorp Holdings Ltd in a deal that would cost the betting giant more than 2 billion pounds. http://bit.ly/2gMMnF9

* Clydesdale Bank Chief Executive David Duffy has ‘no concerns’ on his ability to execute a Williams & Glyn’s Bank Ltd <IPO-WILL.L> deal. http://bit.ly/2gAaioi

Sky News

* Sky News can reveal that executives from companies including Facebook, Citymapper and Love Home Swap will be appointed to Sadiq Khan’s business advisory board. http://bit.ly/2gvrRZn

* Sky News understands that The People’s Trust, a new investment trust, will publish its approach to stewardship on Monday with a declaration that performance-related awards should be replaced by shares that form part of executives’ basic salary and must be held for at least seven years. http://bit.ly/2fGmwgq

The Independent

* Nigel Farage has announced plans to apologise to the American people on behalf of Britain for criticisms made of Donald Trump during his presidential campaign. http://ind.pn/2fFrMRE

* Nigel Farage has hinted he will back far-right National Front leader Marine Le Pen in next year’s French presidential election. http://ind.pn/2fnIE0F

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Indiana TV Station Claims Kids Are Ordering Cannabis Candy Online

The strangers who supposedly were trying to get your kids high by passing out cannabis candy on Halloween apparently have moved online. Or so claims WANE, the CBS affiliate in Fort Wayne, Indiana.

The headline over the WANE story—which was reposted by WRIC, the ABC station in Richmond, Virginia—warns that “dealers [are] using THC-laced ‘edibles’ to attract young people.” Reporter Angelica Robinson claims “marijuana dealers are targeting young people,” that “much of it is done online,” and that “buyers order the candies online and use them to get high discreetly.” Jerri Lerch of the Allen County Drug and Alcohol Consortium tells Robinson that drug dealers “tweet targeted young people about the availability of attractive marijuana products.” But neither Lerch nor Robinson presents any evidence of such online commerce in cannabis candies for kids.

The genesis of the story was an incident that the Noble County Sheriff’s Department last week described on Facebook as “a transaction involving suspicious lollipops” at West Noble High School in Ligonier. The post was accompanied by photographs of two cherry lollipops and the package from which they apparently came, which indicates they were made by 2 Baked Gerrls, an edible manufacturer that serves patients in Michigan, a neighboring states that allows medical use of marijuana. The statement from the sheriff’s department says nothing about online sales, an idea that seems to have sprung from the combined imaginations of Lerch and Robinson.

“They’re getting them through some sort of black market,” Lerch tells WANE. “That could be online or on the web, or some sort of physical transaction of some kind.” It is no stretch to suggest that medical marijuana products from Michigan are sold “through some sort of black market” when they are purchased in Indiana, where marijuana is not legal for any purpose. But the rest, including the teenager-targeting tweets and the websites selling THC-infused treats to high school students, sounds like speculative fiction rather than news.

Robinson compounds the deception with some bizarre scaremongering about marijuana edibles. “The small suckers could pack a big punch,” she says. “Typically, edibles can contain anywhere between 70 and 100 percent of THC. Marijuana has just 17 to 30 percent.”

These numbers are nonsensical. A lollipop that was 100 percent THC would not be a lollipop; it would be pure THC. Even a product that was 70 percent THC would not have the taste, consistency, or appearance of a lollipop, which consists mostly of sugar. And if it were possible to create such a thing, a seven-gram lollipop that was 70 percent THC would contain 4,900 milligrams of marijuana’s main psychoactive ingredient. The label on the 2 Baked Gerrls package indicates that it contains 50 milligrams of THC, or 25 milligrams per lollipop (assuming both pictured lollipops came from the same package).

Such impossible claims about the THC content of marijuana edibles are more common than you might think. In an op-ed piece published last year, Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska, Sheriff Mark Overman averred that “‘edibles,’ in the form of candy, baked goods, and drinks, have [THC] levels as high as 90 percent.” Now that Robinson has upped Overman’s ante, we may soon see warnings that the THC content of some edibles exceeds 100 percent.

[Via Dank Space; thanks to Joshua Hotchkin for the tip.]

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Banker Scaremongering In FT re €4 Trillion Italian Banking System as Referendum Looms

  • Bail in risk – €4 Trillion Italian banking system at risk as referendum looms Sunday according to Financial Times

  • Concerns of multiple bank failures – Eight banks at risk of failure and bail ins

  • Monte dei Paschi di Siena, third largest by assets and mid-sized banks Popolare di Vicenza, Veneto Banca and Carige and four smaller banks

  • Italy’s banks have €360 billion of problem loans

  • Contagion poses risks to Unicredit, Italy’s largest bank by assets and only globally significant financial institution

  • Bail in risks highlight importance of deposit diversification and gold

  • Imprudent to have all ‘savings eggs’ in ‘bankers basket’

bail-in-risk(Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2016)

“Up to eight of Italy’s troubled banks risk failing if prime minister Matteo Renzi loses a constitutional referendum next weekend and ensuing market turbulence deters investors from recapitalising them, officials and senior bankers say.

Mr Renzi, who says he will quit if he loses the referendum, had championed a market solution to solve the problems of Italy’s €4 trillion banking system and avoid a vote-losing “resolution” of Italian banks under new EU rules.”

Financial Times

The Italian banking system looks vulnerable to collapse whether the referendum is passed in Italy or not. Were the referendum passed, it may allow senior Italian and international bankers to further ‘kick the can down the road’ and delay the inevitable.

Financial and economic contagion in the EU is the likely outcome of the financial and political mess that both Italy and other EU states find themselves in. The question is increasingly not if, but when.

Bail-ins are “now the rule” and depositors need to begin preparing by diversifying and not have all their ‘saving eggs’ in the ‘bankers basket’.

An important way to protect investments and savings is to be diversified and have a healthy allocation to physical gold – both in one’s possession and in secure storage, in the safest vaults in the world.

Read full Financial Times article on Irish Times here


Download Guide Here

 

Gold and Silver Bullion – News and Commentary

Gold rises from multi-month lows as dollar eases (Reuters.com)

Gold recovers in Asia as investors see buying opportunities (Investing.com)

No proposal to restrict gold holding by individuals in India (IndiaTimes.com)

Gold not safe enough, hoarders opt for silver bars (NewIndianExpress.com)

Trump Claims Millions Voted Illegally, Without Giving Proof (Bloomberg.com)

Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi addresses supporters ahead of the constitutional reform referendum this Sunday (AFP PHOTO/ANDREAS SOLARO)

This Week “Could Shake The World …” (TheAustralian.com)

First Brexit then Trump. Is Italy next for the west’s populist wave? (TheGuardian.com)

Trump, Draghi May Bring A Return Of “European Solvency Crisis”: Barclays (ZeroHedge.com)

Venezuela’s currency is so devalued it no longer fits in ordinary wallets (WashingtonPost.com)

Stocks In Greatest Suckers’ Rally Of All Time: Stockman (CNBC.com)

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Gold Prices (LBMA AM)

28 Nov: USD 1,189.10, GBP 995.65 & EUR 1,117.99 per ounce
25 Nov: USD 1,187.50, GBP 995.33 & EUR 1,121.83 per ounce
24 Nov: USD 1,187.25, GBP 995.36 & EUR 1,125.04 per ounce
23 Nov: USD 1,213.25, GBP 998.00 & EUR 1,143.00 per ounce
22 Nov: USD 1,217.55, GBP 997.89 & EUR 1,144.98 per ounce
21 Nov: USD 1,214.95, GBP 984.72 & EUR 1,143.39 per ounce
18 Nov: USD 1,206.10, GBP 971.15 & EUR 1,135.54 per ounce

Silver Prices (LBMA)

28 Nov: USD 16.68, GBP 13.45 & EUR 15.73 per ounce
25 Nov: USD 16.47, GBP 13.21 & EUR 15.55 per ounce
24 Nov: USD 16.31, GBP 13.09 & EUR 15.43 per ounce
23 Nov: USD 16.56, GBP 13.36 & EUR 15.59 per ounce
22 Nov: USD 16.76, GBP 13.46 & EUR 15.77 per ounce
21 Nov: USD 16.68, GBP 13.47 & EUR 15.69 per ounce
18 Nov: USD 16.51, GBP 13.30 & EUR 15.54 per ounce


Recent Market Updates

– Gold Down 13.5% In 13 Days – Trump Bearish For Gold?
– War On Cash Just Got Real – India and Citibank In Australia
– Russia Gold Buying In October Is Biggest Monthly Allocation Since 1998
– Stocks, Bonds, Pension Funds “Will Be Wiped Out…” – Rickards
– Physical Gold Is A “Long-Term Position” as “Hedge Against Governments”
– Gold Sell Off On Fed Noise – “Interesting Times” To “Support Gold”
– Islamic Gold – Vital New Dynamic In Physical Gold Market
– Peak Gold Globally – “Bullish For Gold”
– Gold Price Should Go Higher On Global Risks and Trump – Capital Economics
– President Trump – Why Market Loves Him and Experts Wrong
– ‘Helicopter Money President’ Trump To Create Inflation and Gold Will Rise
– Central Bank Gold Demand continues in Q3
– Trump Victory Sends Gold Surging 5%

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OPEC Scrambles To Salvage Oil Deal In 11th Hour As Tensions Spike

One day after Saudi Arabia raised the prospect that Wednesday’s OPEC summit in Vienna may conclude without a deal (which also was spun as optimistic as the market would still revert to “equilibrium”, however it was unclear at what price), OPEC members tried on Monday to rescue a deal to limit oil output as tensions grew among the producer group and non-OPEC member Russia.

OPEC experts started a meeting in Vienna at 0900 GMT (4:00 a.m. ET) and were due to make recommendations to their ministers on how exactly the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries should reduce production when it meets on Nov. 30. At the same time, the Algerian and Venezuelan oil ministers flew to Moscow on Monday and Tuesday in a final attempt to persuade Russia to take part in cuts instead of merely freezing output, which has reached new highs in the past year.

In September, OPEC, which accounts for a third of global oil production, agreed to cap output at around 32.5-33.0 million barrels per day versus the current 33.64 million bpd to prop up oil prices, which have more than halved since mid-2014. The meeting on Nov. 30 was expected to rubber-stamp that deal, with Russia and some other non-OPEC producers such as Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan also contributing.

However, two months later, “doubts emerged in recent weeks” as OPEC’s No.2 and 3 producers, Iraq and Iran, expressed reservations about the mechanics of output reductions and Saudi Arabia voiced concern about Russia’s willingness to cut Reuters muses. On Friday, OPEC canceled an experts meeting with non-OPEC producers scheduled for Nov. 28 after Saudi Arabia said the organization needed to sort out its differences first, sending oil tumbling by over 3%.

Adding to concerns, on Sunday, Saudi Energy Minister Khalid al-Falih said oil markets would rebalance even without an output-limiting pact. That contrasted with his previous statements, in which he had said Riyadh was keen for a deal.

“The market will reach balance in 2017 even if there is no intervention by Opec,” said Khalid Al Falih, Saudi Arabia’s energy minister, on Sunday. “I think maintaining production at current levels is justifiable.”

Indeed it is, but at far lower prices. Should there be no deal, analysts – including Morgan Stanley and Macquarie – have said oil prices will correct sharply if OPEC fails to reach a deal, potentially going as low as $35 per barrel. “One thing few, if any, analysts will disagree with is that if Opec does not come up with a credible agreement to cut production on Wednesday oil prices will end the year below $40 and be chasing down $30 early next year,” said David Hufton of PVM, a London-based oil brokerage, quoted by the FT.

We previously showed a matrix from BofA laying out the various prices/probabilities of an outcome, although in retrospect, the bank may have been a tad optimistic with its base case.

 

As OPEC experts turned up at the group’s headquarters on Monday, one delegate quoted by Reuters, who had previously stated that a deal would be done, said this time: “I am not sure.”

Another delegate, when asked about the prospects for a deal, said: “Nobody knows yet”.

OPEC ministers started arriving in Vienna on Sunday for the group’s regular twice-yearly talks but Saudi Arabia’s Falih was not expected to land before Tuesday evening, leaving little time for traditional pre-meeting discussions with peers. As we first reported yesterday, Iranian semi-official news agency MEHR published an editorial on Sunday accusing Saudi Arabia of declaring a new “war on oil prices” and reneging on its promises to limit output.  The tone contrasted with Iranian news agencies’ more upbeat coverage of OPEC’s informal meeting in September in Algeria, when the initial deal was reached.

Meanwhile, according to a report in the FT, the latest deal parameters – while largely unchanged from what was reported previously – are as follows:

Saudi Arabia, the group’s de facto leader, has offered to cut 4.5 per cent from its production levels of about 10.5m b/d in October, according to two people familiar with its thinking.

 

But in turn, Iran must freeze its production at about 3.8m b/d, while all members must accept the use of third-party production figures published by Opec, the people said. On top of that there must also be participation from producers outside the group, such as Russia.

 

Iran, however, argues only those countries that have ramped up production over the past two years — Saudi Arabia and its Gulf allies — should cut back now.

 

Even if Opec came to an agreement, Saudi Arabia has told members that any cut in production must be conditional on participation from producers outside the group, such as Russia, the people familiar with Saudi policy-making said.

 

Moscow has offered to freeze its output if Opec reached a deal.

In summary: every oil producer wants some deal that will send prices higher, but nobody wants to be the one to concede to cuts, validating Saudi’s near record output, and lose market share in the process. That said, with sentiment weight on oil prices this morning, expect a spike in “optimistic” sounding flashing red headlines, which will likely prompt another short squeeze and lead to a green close in crude. What is decided on Wednesday, however, is another matter entirely.

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OECD Boosts Global Growth Forecasts On Trump Optimism

The details of any Trump growth plan may not be available for a long time, but the general sentiment that Trump’s fiscal spending boost will be good for global growth was enough for the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development which on Monday said that U.S. and global economic growth would be boosted by increases in spending and tax cuts promised by the President-elect. However, the OECD also cautioned that those gains would be lost if he pressed ahead with threatened tariff increases that triggered retaliation.

As the OECD wrote in its twice-yearly report on global economic prospects “while the exact form it would take is uncertain”, it does expect Trump to offer some fiscal stimulus from the early months of his presidency, and that its likely scale that would boost U.S. economic growth to 2.3% from 1.9% in 2017, and to 3% from 2.2% in 2018. As the WSJ briefed, there would also be benefits for other parts of the world as U.S. demand for imports rises, with global economic growth raised to 3.3% from 3.2% in 2017, and to 3.6% from 3.3% in 2018. The OECD is the first international economic policy agency to publish an estimate of the likely impact of Mr. Trump’s proposals.

The summary of the latest OECD growth forecast is shown in the FT chart below.

“There’s now some prospect of the world exiting from this low-growth trap,” said Ángel Gurria, the OECD’s secretary-general. “Even though we still show the signs of those very heavy legacies of the crisis, we may be at a moment where we could see a turn for the better.”

“[The Trump fiscal effect] is an important part of our projection,” Ms Mann told the FT. “We don’t think anything will happen over the next six months, but we expect [a stimulus worth] 0.25 to 0.5 per cent of national income in the second half of 2017, mostly spent on public infrastructure and 1 per cent or so in 2018 coming from tax cuts.”

Catherine Mann, chief economist of the OECD said: “We are concerned about the extent to which asset prices are underpinned by low interest rates — so monetary policy has been over-burdened and there is now a premium on getting fiscal levers pulled in the right way”.

How does the OECD arrive to its optimistic conclusion? The forecasts are based on an increase in U.S. government spending in 2017 and 2018 of 0.25% of gross domestic product, a cut in income taxes that reduces government revenue by 0.5% of GDP in each year, and a cut in the corporate tax rate that reduces revenue by 0.75% of GDP in 2018. It calculates that thanks to the boost to growth, such a package would leave the government’s debts slightly smaller as a share of economic output.

The OECD also said other governments should also provide more fiscal stimulus than now planned, since that would further boost global growth. With the room for monetary policy initiatives that boost growth having been “exhausted,” the OECD has in recent years urged more investment spending by governments as a way out of what it calls the “low-growth trap.”

“The actions and proposals we have seen so far are not enough,” said Mr. Gurria, who added the plans of most European governments “are too timid.”

There was no discussion of how global growth would react under the volatile combination of all time high global debt and rising rates. It did. however, discuss the potential downside of Trump policies saying protectionism could offset the boost from higher government spending and lower taxes. In addition to his pledges on spending and taxation, Trump has said he would introduce higher tariffs on imports from China and Mexico, and reassess other trade relationships that he said placed U.S. workers at a disadvantage.

“Protectionism and inevitable trade retaliation would offset much of the effects of the fiscal initiatives on domestic and global growth, raise prices, harm living standards, and leave countries in a worsened fiscal position,” said Catherine Mann, the OECD’s chief economist.

The OECD notes that for some of its members more than 25% of jobs depend on foreign demand. As a result, the OECD is happy to advise the Trump admin to focus mostly on the growth aspect, i.e., issuing even more debt while reneging on its protectionist vows.

Rather than resort to trade barriers in an attempt to protect some jobs in the short term, the OECD said governments would do better to help those who have lost their jobs acquire new skills.

 

“Let’s protect those who may be disadvantaged by the globalization process, but lets not stop the globalization process,” said Mr. Gurria.

The OECD also raised its growth forecast for the UK in 2017 to 1.2% from 1% in September, but said it expects the economy to slow further in 2018 to grow by just 1% as uncertainty about the terms of the country’s departure from the European Union weakens business investment. Its forecasts are lower than those of the U.K.’s Office for Budget Responsibility, which last week said it expects the economy to grow by 1.4% next year and 1.7% in 2018.

“The latest government plans…indicate a slower pace of fiscal consolidation and some increase in public investment,” the OECD said. “A more significant increase in public investment would support demand in the near term and boost supply in the longer term.”

In short: everything will be great if only more debt is used to pull demand from the future; anything else threatens accelerating the “secular stagflation” theme that has dominated global sentiment for the past several years.

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Global Stocks Slide On Italian Bank Worries; Dollar Dips As Trumpflation Takes A Back Seat

European shares dipped and U.S. equity-index futures (-0.3%) pointed to a lower open as traders questioned the stability of the Italian banking sector ahead of next weekend’s referendum as well as the longevity of the Trumpflation rally, pressuring the dollar, sending the USDJPY sliding as low as 111.355 overnight, before rebounding over 112. That was the dollar’s biggest fall against its Japanese rival since October 7 and against a basket of top world currencies it was the greenback’s worst day since November.

The euro rose to an 11-day high $1.0686 as it got a lift too from the election of Francois Fillon as the center-right candidate in next year’s French presidential election. The reformist former prime minister is now favorite to become president, with a flash opinion poll showing he would easily beat National Front leader Marine Le Pen in a run-off second round. Markets worry the far-right Le Pen, who has promised a referendum on membership of the European Union if she wins, would threaten the future of the currency bloc.

“It’s a bit of a pull back in the dollar,” said Societe Generale strategist Alvin Tan. “The fall in oil is pushing back U.S. bond yields and that is leading the consolidation in the dollar.. there is more scepticism about an (OPEC) output cut now.”

“The Trump trades were a distraction for a while but now people are starting to look elsewhere for market drivers,” said Kevin Lilley, a manager of euro-area equities at Old Mutual Global Investors in London. “People are getting worried about the impact that a power vacuum in Italy could have on the refinancing needs of its banks. It’s a nervous market at a time when liquidity isn’t great.”

“Starting this week, the thinking is that people will probably pull to the sidelines and adopt a wait-and-see approach,” said Sim Moh Siong, a currency strategist at Bank of Singapore Ltd. Much of the optimism flowing from expectations of increased U.S. fiscal stimulus has been priced in by the market and investors will probably pause until “further clarification of Trump’s policy stance,” he said.

The dollar weakness lifted Treasuries while latest incarnation of the
China commodity bubble boosted industrial metals, sending zinc surging. Industrial metals have been red hot in recent weeks on hopes of strong demand for property and infrastructure investment in China and the United States. Chinese steel futures jumped over 6% , while iron ore futures also gained about six percent and zinc powered to a nine-year high on the London Metal Exchange. As shown in the chart below, an index of industrial metals is now up 22% in just the past month, and up 40% since January.

Oil in New York was trading flat at $46 as OPEC tries a last-minute salvage of the Algiers production cut agreement ahead of the Wednesday meeting in Vienna. Italian banks led declines in European shares Prime Minister Matteo Renzi faces a key referendum on Sunday that may see voters reject his constitutional reform and prompt his resignation.  As many as eight Italian banks are at risk of failing if the Renzi loses a constitutional referendum this weekend the FT reported. Shares in the nation’s largest bank UniCredit SpA fell for the the fourth day, heading for the lowest since August. Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, which holds the most Italian sovereign debt relative to tangible equity and is under pressure to raise 5 billion euros of fresh money, fell as much as 12 percent before being halted.

Asian shares rose 0.4 percent overnight, led by gains in Hong Kong and Taiwan .TWII though Japan’s Nikkei which has been performing even better than a record high Wall Street in recent weeks thanks to the yen’s fall, ended down 0.1 percent.

Global growth got a welcome boost, if only on paper, when in its twice-yearly report on global economic prospects, the OECD said that while the exact form it would take is uncertain, it does expect Mr. Trump to offer some fiscal stimulus from the early months of his presidency, and that its likely scale that would boost U.S. economic growth to 2.3% from 1.9% in 2017, and to 3% from 2.2% in 2018. There would also be benefits for other parts of the world as U.S. demand for imports rises, with global economic growth raised to 3.3% from 3.2% in 2017, and to 3.6% from 3.3% in 2018. The OECD is the first international economic policy agency to publish an estimate of the likely impact of Mr. Trump’s proposals.

Global yields dipped as dollar weakness, and thus a brake on inflation expectations, sent Treasuries around the world modestly higher, however the one outlier was once again German 2Y yields, which dropped to fresh record lows on continuing fears about European collateral scarcity.

The yield on 10-year U.S. Treasuries dropped almost 5 basis points to 2.323%, off its 16-month high of 2.417%touched last week. Europe’s benchmark, German Bunds, saw their equivalent yield drop 3 basis points.

Other top news stories include lower consumer spending on Black Friday,
Philips panning to roll out medical software to challenge GE.

* * *

Bulletin Headline Summary From RanSquawk

  • European equities enter the North American crossover lower as ongoing concerns surrounding Italian banks and downside in energy names hampers sentiment
  • FX markets have seen some correct moves in the USD with USD/JPY lower by just under a point while EUR/GBP has been supported by month-end flows
  • Looking ahead, highlights include potential comments from ECB’s Coeure and Draghi

Market Snapshot

  • S&P 500 futures down 0.3% to 2205
  • Stoxx 600 down 0.6% to 341
  • FTSE 100 down 0.7% to 6795
  • DAX down 0.9% to 10607
  • German 10Yr yield down 3bps to 0.21%
  • Italian 10Yr yield down less than 1bp to 2.09%
  • Spanish 10Yr yield down less than 1bp to 1.56%
  • S&P GSCI Index up 0.1% to 365.7
  • MSCI Asia Pacific up 0.7% to 137
  • Nikkei 225 down 0.1% to 18357
  • Hang Seng up 0.5% to 22831
  • Shanghai Composite up 0.5% to 3277
  • S&P/ASX 200 down 0.8% to 5464
  • US 10-yr yield down 4bps to 2.32%
  • Dollar Index down 0.4% to 101.08
  • WTI Crude futures down 0.4% to $45.88
  • Brent Futures down 0.4% to $47.04
  • Gold spot up 0.7% to $1,192
  • Silver spot up 0.9% to $16.68

Global Headline News

  • OPEC Seeks Oil Deal as Saudis Open Door for No Output Cut: Algeria, Venezuela ministers travel to Russia to seek support
  • Bargain Hunters Roil Retailers Looking for Black Friday Bounce: The average amount shoppers spent fell 3.5%, including both online and offline purchases, according to the National Retail Federation
  • Philips to Start Selling Smart Software for Doctors to Rival GE: Medical software market could grow twice as fast as devices
  • Samsung Investors Voice Support for Elliott Proposals: Elliott seeking split, new directors, special dividend
  • Hulu CEO Plots a Way to Stand Out From the Crowd in Online TV: Company will be first streaming provider to offer live video
  • China Said to Prepare Overseas Dealmaking Curbs Amid M&A Spree: Overseas deals of at least $10 billion to be generally barred
  • Trump Claims Millions Voted Illegally, Without Giving Proof: Trump offered nothing to back up his allegations of wrongdoing in the Nov. 8 election
  • Time Inc. Said to Have Rejected Edgar Bronfman’s Bid: NY Post
  • WTO May Rule Boeing Received Illegal Subsidy on Jetliner: WSJ
  • CME Group Tables Bid for LSE’s Clearing Ops in France: S. Times
  • Amazon to Announce Matson Moved Core Computing Ops to AWS: WSJ
  • Fidel Castro, Communist Former Leader of Cuba, Dies at 90

* * *

Looking at regional markets, we start in Asia where stocks shrugged off another record US close on Friday and began the week mixed with weakness in energy and JPY strength dampening sentiment in the region. ASX 200 (-0.8%) finished lower with oil names pressured as WTI crude futures extended on losses to below USD 46/bbl after informal producer talks set for today were cancelled and Saudi’s energy minister Al-Falih further added to the uncertainty as his comments suggested the door was open to the possibility of no cut in output. A firmer JPY ensured the Nikkei 225 (-0.3%) snapped a 7-day win streak, while Shanghai Comp (+0.5%) and Hang Seng (+0.7%) were buoyed by stronger growth in Industrial Profits and after the announcement the Shenzhen-Hong Kong stock connect will launch next Monday.

Top Asian News

  • China Has Quietly Hiked Borrowing Costs With PBOC Operations: Move is latest sign of selective tightening to temper leverage
  • Yen at 120 Lonely Call No More for Analyst Who Got It Right: AMP Capital, BNP Paribas see yen surpassing 125.86 low
  • CSC Financial Hong Kong IPO Seeks to Raise Up to $1.06 Billion: Company and National Social Security Fund are offering combined 1.13b shares at HK$6.36-HK$7.26 apiece
  • India Said to Mull Foray Into Plane Leasing to Support Modi Plan: Proposal would see state-run firm leasing out 20- seater planes
  • Singapore’s GIC Hires Big Data Expert in Quant Strategy Push: GIC expands Systematic Investment Group started this year

In Europe, the focus this morning has fallen upon Italian banks which has soured sentiment across Europe (overall Italian banking index down over 3%), in particular Banca Monte Dei Paschi with the troubled lender beginning its debt-equity swap with the bank hitting limit down shortly after the European open before falling 12%. While the sector has also been gripped by the near term risk factor in the form of the constitutional reform referendum, whereby an article stated that 8 Italian banks would fail if Renzi loses the vote as investors would be deterred from recapitalisation. Oil names have also been pressured following weekend reports suggesting that Saudi Arabia could be open to the idea of no reduction in output as the Energy Minister Al-Falih stated that demand is expected to recover next year and prices will stabilize which will occur without OPEC intervention.

Elsewhere, fixed income markets have been supported by safe haven flow early on, while a continuation of last week’s theme has seen Gilts slightly outperform its German counterpart thus far as participants await ECB President Draghi. While the looming Italian referendum has kept the ITA-GER 10yr spread at its widest in around 3-yrs.

Among the biggest weekend stories in Europe, Alain Juppe conceded defeat in the French presidential conservative primary against Fillon who won with nearly 70% of votes. Additionally, a Harris Interactive poll suggested conservative candidate Fillon would beat Far-Right candidate Le Pen in the French Presidential Election by 67% vs. 33%.  BoE’s Carney wants Britain to remain in the single market for at least two years after Britain leaves the EU to cushion the impact on businesses, although his efforts may be viewed as an attempt to water down the Brexit. There were also reports that Brexit campaign leaders are said to reject plan by BoE Governor Carney to negotiate a buffer during the Brexit process.  The UK Government is set to face a legal battle as to whether the UK can remain in the single market after its departure from the EU, according to the BBC.

Top European News

  • ECB to Be ‘Pillar of Stability’ in Risky Year, Policy Maker Says: Governing Council member Stournaras speaks in interview
  • Fillon Unites French Right After Primary as Socialists Split: Former prime minister records overwhelming victory in primaries
  • Aberdeen Rises After Maintaining Dividend in Face of Outflows: Shares rose the most in seven weeks
  • Biggest U.K. Banks Seen Struggling in Toughest Stress Tests Yet: All likely to top lower bar, some may stumble on new measure
  • Investor Who Backed Brexit Sees Euro Breaking Up Within 5 Years: Euro as it stands is an inappropriate mechanism, Burnbrae’s Jim Mellon says
  • Engie CEO Shifts Gear on Asset Sales, Cost Cuts as Shares Tank: Kocher says divestment plan will progress ahead of schedule

In currencies, the Bloomberg Dollar Spot Index, which tracks the greenback against 10 major peers, fell for a second day, declining 0.4 percent as of 10:47 a.m. in London. The rand gained against all of its 31 major counterparts, surging 1.7 percent to 13.8692 per dollar. A senior party official said there’s significant support in the ruling African National Congress’s executive committee to oust South African President Jacob Zuma, whose administration has been plagued by corruption and mismanagement.

In commodities, as the OPEC talks get under way, WTI and Brent prices are lagging though with ever present hope in the air, aggressive selling is absent for now. That said, few expect a significant deal — which can be logistically implemented — to transpire, so this may have been partially priced in to the drop in WTI from USD 50.00+ levels to circa USD 45.00 again. Some are suggesting another ‘breakdown’ in talks could send Oil down through USD 40.00, but all hangs in the balance for now. Elsewhere, Copper prices have managed to claw out some fresh highs, but failing to hold onto these levels — touching on USD 2.75 before easing back a little. Gold has come back off the lows near USD 1175 seen last week, but it is a tepid pullback as USD buyers will continue to buy the dip into the Dec FOMC and maintain pressure on the yellow metal accordingly. Saudi Arabia, Iran and Iraq have been seen arriving at OPEC technical meeting according to Twitter reports. Iran is still attempting to make themselves exempt from an OPEC output cut but expected the cartel to still strike a deal this week. Saudi Arabia left the door open for the possibility of no reduction in output as Energy Minister Al-Falih stated that demand is expected to recover next year and prices will stabilize which will occur without OPEC intervention and also added there in no single path to reduce output at the OPEC meeting as a recovery in consumption could also be depended on.

Looking at the day’s events, It’s a fairly quiet start to the week today. In Europe we’ll get the latest M3 money supply data for the Euro along with the latest OECD economic outlook while in the US the sole release is the Dallas Fed’s manufacturing survey.

Economic Event Calendar:

  • 9am: ECB’s Draghi speaks in Brussels
  • 10:30am: Dallas Fed Manufacturing Activity, Nov., est. 1.5 (prior -1.5)
  • 7:45pm: Bank of Canada’s Poloz speaks in Toronto

* * *

DB’s Jim Reid concludes the overnight wrap

The main news from the weekend concerns the result of the final centre-right primary vote in France. The result has gone heavily in favour of the victor from the first round, Francois Fillon, who, with over 10,000 of the 10,229 polling stations accounted for, has gained 66.5% of the votes over Alain Juppe who garnered 33.5% of the vote. Juppe has officially conceded. With that result, Fillon is now the Republican candidate at next May’s presidential election in France and likely to face a Socialist candidate and also his main rival, the far-right’s Marine Le Pen. Ahead of the result, our European economists noted in their Focus Europe piece on Friday that at the last reported poll in September, Fillon held a roughly 20pp lead in the 2nd round presidential election versus Le Pen. In fact Bloomberg are reporting two polls this morning, both of which show Fillon as beating Le Pen in both rounds of the presidential election and by a fairly comprehensive margin too. More significantly for the 2nd round, an Odoxa poll shows Fillon as defeating Le Pen by 71% to 20% and a Harris Interactive poll shows Fillon winning by 67% to 33%. I’m sure if we hadn’t had Brexit and the US election result there would be less financial market concern over the French election next year. However these events have happened and therefore the market will remain on edge ahead of the poll next year.

Meanwhile, much of the remaining weekend headlines focus on this week’s main event, that being the much anticipated OPEC meeting this Wednesday in Vienna. WTI was the big mover in markets on Friday after plummeting nearly – 4% to close a smidgen above $46/bbl after Saudi Arabia pulled out of a planned producers meeting for today between OPEC and non-OPEC countries, calling the meeting ‘not beneficial’ before ‘holding meetings within OPEC and deciding whether to cut or continue with current levels of production’. According to the WSJ, OPEC is demanding Russia and other producers outside of the cartel to cut production by 500k-600k barrels a day, however Russia’s energy minister has on a number of occasions reiterated his desire for a production freeze over a cut. We’ll no doubt have plenty of headlines over the next couple of days leading into the meeting. Although this is the big event of the trading week, it is worth noting also that this time next week we should likely know the results of the Italian referendum with voting ending at 10pm GMT/11pm CET. There’s some suggestion that exit polls will also be released by several TV networks just after this time while the actual vote counting is expected to take a few hours.

Also worth highlighting this morning is some of the early retail sales stats from Black Friday in the US. According to the National Retail Federation, shoppers were said to have spent on average $289.19 over the four-day weekend period if you include both purchases made online and bricks and mortar sales. That is down from $299.60 in the same period last year. The number of shoppers did however increase with the NRF also reporting that the total number of shoppers increased by 2% to about 154 million consumers. 44% of purchases were said to have been done online, compared to 40% in-store.

Over in markets, despite the tumble for Oil and the subsequent knock on to energy names, it was another broadly positive day for US equities on Friday and another which saw the S&P 500 (+0.39%), Dow (+0.36%), Nasdaq (+0.34%) and Russell 2000 (+0.38%) indices all notch up fresh record highs, with gains for defensive sectors dominating. Volumes were unsurprisingly low in a holiday shorted session, while 10y Treasury yields tempered an early move higher to just north of 2.400% to close little changed around 2.357%. In Europe equity markets also closed in positive territory (Stoxx 600 +0.18%) while rates markets were a touch firmer. 10y Bund yields edged down a couple of basis points to 0.236% to finish just over 3bps lower for the week.

This morning in Asia it’s been a bit more of mixed start to trading to the week. Most notable is the decline for the Nikkei (-0.36%) which has weakened for the first time in eight sessions. That appears to be as a result of the decent rally for the Yen (+1.32%) which, in the absence of any material news, appears to be strengthening on technical factors more than anything else, with the Greenback also lower versus most EM currencies this morning. The ASX (-0.59%) is also weaker but the Hang Seng (+0.71%), Shanghai Comp (+0.51%) and Kospi (+0.36%) are all up. Bourses in China appear to have been boosted by the October industrial profits data which was released yesterday. It showed profits as climbing +9.8% yoy in October, up from +7.7% in the month prior.

Wrapping up the data on Friday. In the US the advance goods trade balance for October revealed a slight widening in the deficit to $62bn from $56.5bn after data showed that imports rose +1.1% mom during the month and exports fell -2.7%. Meanwhile wholesale inventories were down unexpectedly in October (-0.4% mom vs. +0.2% expected), while the flash services PMI for November was down a very modest 0.1pts to 54.7, which when combined with the manufacturing reading, has left the composite at 54.9. Following last week’s data the NY Fed subsequently revised up their Q4 GDP forecast to 2.5% from 2.4%. The Atlanta Fed continue to forecast for a much greater 3.6% growth rate meanwhile.

Over in Europe much of the data was focused in the UK. There was no surprise from the second reading of Q3 GDP which came in unchanged at +0.5% qoq and +2.3% yoy. The details of the report showed that a slightly lower than expected increase in exports was more than offset by a positive contribution from government spending and decrease in imports. Perhaps the more interesting data however was the CBI distributive trends survey in the UK. The survey showed retail sales volume of +26 in November versus +21 on October, far exceeding expectations for +12. In fact it is the highest print since September 2015 and evidence that the big decline for Sterling is keeping consumer spending buoyant.

Turning over to the week ahead now. It’s a fairly quiet start to the week today. In Europe we’ll get the latest M3 money supply data for the Euro along with the latest OECD economic outlook while in the US the sole release is the Dallas Fed’s manufacturing survey. Tuesday kicks off early in Japan with the latest jobless rate, retail sales and household spending data. Closer to home we’ll get Q3 GDP in France, Germany CPI for November, UK money and credit aggregates data and also the latest confidence indicators for the Euro area. In the US tomorrow all eyes are on the second revision to Q3 GDP while the November consumer confidence print is also due out, along with the latest S&P/Case-Shiller house price index. We start in Japan again on Wednesday where the latest industrial production data is due, along with housing starts data. China will also release the MNI consumer sentiment reading while the UK will release its latest consumer confidence print. During the European session we’ll get the latest CPI print out of France and also the Euro area, along with unemployment data in Germany. There’s important data in the US on Wednesday too with the ADP employment change print, personal income and spending reports for October and also the PCE core and deflator readings for last month too. Pending home sales data and the Chicago PMI will also be released followed by the Fed’s Beige Book in the evening. Turning to Thursday, China will get things going with the November PMI data, while during the European session we’ll also get the manufacturing PMI’s including a first look at the data for the UK and the periphery. In the US it’s another busy session with initial jobless claims, manufacturing PMI, construction spending, ISM manufacturing and vehicles sales data all due out. It’s a quiet end to the week in Asia and Europe on Friday with PPI data for the Euro area the sole release. In the US it’s all eyes on the November employment report including the latest payrolls print.

Away from the data, in terms of Fedspeak this week we’ve got Dudley and Powell due to speak tomorrow, Kaplan and Powell on Wednesday, Kaplan again on Thursday and Brainard on Friday. In Europe today we’ll hear from ECB President Draghi this afternoon at European Parliament, while Coeure will also speak before him. Draghi will then speak again on Wednesday. The BoE will also publish its Financial Stability Report on Wednesday with BoE Governor Carney due to speak after. The other big event this week and which may end up being the focus for the week is the aforementioned OPEC meeting in Vienna on Wednesday where ministers are due to discuss finalizing the September accord to curb oil production.

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Italian Banks Hit Again Ahead of the Looming December 4th Referendum

There may be another reason why the Euro has been so damned weak v the dollar: it might not exist for too much longer. With Le Pen from France surging in the polls and Prime Minister Renzi from Italy promising to fire himself should a drastic and very aggressive constitutional realignment fail to pass in a referendum on December the 4th, the anti EU five star movement might takeover and tell Germany to fuck off.

All of this is weighing heavily on Italian stocks, one of the worst performing indexes in the world this year, off by 23% — somewhat immune to the greatness of QE and all of its grandiose splendor.

To that end, Italian banks continue to slug lower, amidst acrimonious sentiment that a potential exit from the EU might lead to the ultimate destruction of an already comically overburdened and woefully undercapitalized Italian banking system.

Shares are hitting new recent lows, down from 2-4% this morning.

img_5723

img_5724

img_5725

img_5726

Barrons sums up the best and worst case scenarios. The best case scenario is something of a fantasy, sort of like a Hillary Clinton recount election win. Not that I’m a fan of the pollsters, but the people really want to see Renzi Fire himself, with the no’s leading by 5 points in the final poll before the referendum.

img_5727

IN THE EVENT the reforms are rejected and Renzi resigns, the implications are much more complicated. It is possible that Renzi’s center-left Democratic Party-led government could form a new administration, headed by one of his cabinet members, with a short term and a narrow mandate, such as writing a new electoral law. Italian equity markets probably would underperform, and the political malaise could delay capital injections at the beleaguered banks. Spreads on the 10-year bonds could widen.
 
In a worst-case scenario, a new government couldn’t be formed and national elections would be held, paving the way for popular euro-skeptic parties led by the Five Star Movement to put together a new administration. They could push for a referendum on continuing membership in the euro zone, which would have a destabilizing effect on the entire area.
 
If that happens, the euro, whose decline against the dollar has accelerated in the past few months, could face more stress. “The systemic consequences for the whole area would be material,” maintains Deutsche Bank senior economist Marco Stringa. “So the euro would probably depreciate, although it is difficult to calibrate by how much.” On Friday, the European currency was worth $1.059.

 
Doom is just around the bend.

Content originally generated at iBankCoin.com

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Q1 – Q3 2016 China Net Gold Import Hits 905 Tonnes

Submitted by Koos Jansen from BullionStar.com

Withdrawals from the vaults of the Shanghai Gold Exchange, which can be used as a proxy for Chinese wholesale gold demand, reached 1,406 tonnes in the first three quarters of 2016. Supply that went through the central bourse consisted of at least 905 tonnes imported gold, roughly 335 tonnes of domestic mine output, and 166 tonnes in scrap supply and other flows recycled through the exchange.

Core Supply & Demand Data Chinese Gold Market Q1-Q3 2016

Chinese gold demand is still going strong this year, albeit less than in 2015. The most likely reason for somewhat lower demand has been the strength in the price of gold in the first three quarters of this year, to which the Chinese reacted by subduing purchases. From 1 January until 30 September 2016, the gold price went up 24 % in US dollars per troy ounce, from $1,061.5 to $1,318.1; measured in renminbi the price went up 28 % over the same period.

Now I have proven the gold on Chinese commercial bank balance sheets has little to do with physical gold ownership of these banks, but mainly reflects back-to back leases and swaps, we can be positive that data on withdrawals from the vaults of the Shanghai Gold Exchange (SGE) roughly equals Chinese wholesale demand. For now that is, as future developments can always alter our metrics.

Below is a chart showing withdrawals from the vaults of the SGE and the price of gold in yuan per gram. The most significant trends of recent years are still in effect; in the short term, when the gold price is falling Chinese demand increases (see 2013 and 2015), when the gold price is rising Chinese demand declines (see 2016). This trend is supported by SGE premiums that have an inverse correlation with the price of gold, when the price of gold declines, SGE premiums escalate and vice versa – I will show charts below. Furthermore, in the long term we can observe consistent growth in Chinese gold demand due to the opening up and development of the domestic market.

shanghai-gold-exchange-sge-withdrawals-september-2016

Exhibit 1. SGE withdrawals versus the gold price in yuan per gram.

SGE withdrawals in the first three quarters of 2016 accounted for 1,406 tonnes – still impressive – down 29 % from 1,986 tonnes in 2015, which was a record year. Annualized SGE withdrawals are set to hit 1,877 tonnes in 2016.

Notable, “known net import” by China is relatively strong compared to SGE withdrawals in 2016. Total net import in the first three quarters of this year has aggregated to 905 tonnes – annualized 1,206 tonnes – or 64 % of SGE withdrawals, versus an import/withdrawals ratio of 53 % in 2015. As mine supply to the SGE is fairly constant, recycled gold through the SGE must be lower this year than last year. As a rule of thumb, we use the equation:

SGE withdrawals = domestic mine output + import + recycled

For Q1-Q3 2016 that gives:

1,406 tonnes = 335 tonnes + 905 tonnes + 166 tonnes

The largest net exporter to China is still Hong Kong, having transhipped 608 tonnes to the mainland from January until September 2016, up 5 % compared to 2015. The volume Hong Kong exports to the mainland has been quite constant since 2014, while in 2013 China’s special administrative region was a substantial larger supplier.

(There have been rumors that Hong Kong ’s export to China is overstated in the official data by the Hong Kong Census & Statistics Department, caused by fake exports. In the chart below you can see that the share of exports relative to re-exports from Hong Kong to China this year has increased from previous years. Potentially this signals fake exports, as it’s easier to over invoice an export than re-export, though I haven’t found hard evidence for this scheme. When I do I will report accordingly.)

hong-kong-china-gold-trade-yearly-september-2016

Exhibit 2. Hong Kong cross-border gold trade with China mainland. Any potential “export scheme” can have nothing to do with “round-tripping” as Hong Kong’s gross import from China is very low.

hong-kong-china-gold-trade-monthly-september-2016

Exhibit 3. Monthly Hong Kong cross-border gold trade with China mainland. The exports/re-exports ratio has fallen since July. 

The second largest exporter to China is Switzerland, having supplied a net 229 tonnes so far this year, which is 22 % more than last year. Clearly, direct shipments from Switzerland to China have replaced shipments via Hong Kong.

Direct net exports by the UK to China mainland have collapsed by 92 % this year compared to 2015, from 210 tonnes to a mere 18 tonnes. The reason being, the UK has been the largest net importer globally this year, which is related to the strength in the gold price early this year. UK net gold trade is a proxy for Western institutional supply and demand.

uk-net-gold-flow-gld-change-vs-gold-price-september-2016

Exhibit 4. Monthly UK net gold flow and GLD inventory change versus the gold price in US dollars per troy ounce. Note, the strong correlation between the price and UK net flows.

Australia’s direct export to China is down this year as well (in the first eight months, data for September has not yet been released). I’ve computed the data as described in my post Australia Customs Department Confirms BullionStar’s Analysis On Gold Export To China. Following this method, the land of down under has sent 50 tonnes of gold directly to China during the first eight months of this year, down 23 % from 65 tonnes in 2015.

Despite press releases suggesting Russian gold enterprises are strengthening ties with the SGE, I have identified only one shipment of 30 Kg by the Russian Federation directly to China in 2016. In 2013 the Russians directly net exported 50 Kg to China.

screen-shot-2016-11-25-at-9-23-50-pm

Exhibit 5. Gold export Russia to China, according to Russian Customs.

Data on gold export from South Africa to China is not publicly available. 

chinese-monthly-gold-supply-demand-data-september-2016

Exhibit 6. Chinese monthly gold supply and demand data.

chinese-gold-supply-demand-data-q1-q3-2013-2014-2015-2016

Exhibit 7. Chinese gold supply and demand data for Q1-Q3 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016.

In exhibit 7 we can see that, although the level of SGE withdrawals in 2016 is lower than in 2013, 2014 and 2015, net imports are higher than in 2014. It’s very difficult to know the exact explanation for relative high imports this year. Though, in my opinion, it’s connected to increased Chinese ETF demand, which grew by 34 tonnes and is all required to be stored in SGE vaultsand less gold being recycled through the SGE.

Since 2014, when the Shanghai International Gold Exchange (SGEI) was erected, there is a possibility "SGE withdrawals" are inflated by withdrawals from vaults in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone; gold that is allowed to be exported abroad – the free trade zone is not part of the domestic market. But as far as I know any activity on the SGEI lacks foreign enterprises that buy gold to withdraw and export. A couple of months ago a source at a large Chinese bank told me the SGEI is mainly used by Chinese banks to import gold into Chinese domestic market. In addition, I haven’t bumped into any large importers from China. Occasionally India imports a few hundred Kg, but that's it.

The emblematic difference between “Chinese gold demand as disclosed by GFMS” and SGE withdrawals – displayed in exhibit 7 – is due to GFMS’ incomplete metrics. For decades this consultancy firm has been denying the existence of institutional supply and demand in above ground gold, which is far more important to price formation than retail sales and mine supply, the predominant flows published by GFMS. The essence of this swindle can be read in my blog post The Great Physical Gold Supply & Demand Illusion. I also have a few more blog posts in the pipeline that discuss GFMS’ most recent gold supply and demand data.

All supply and demand data presented above excludes purchases by the People’s Bank of China, which sources physical gold in the international OTC market. 

SGE Premiums November Highest Since 2013

I expect November to be a very strong month for SGE withdrawals. Mentioned in the introduction segment of this post, there is a trend in Chinese wholesale gold demand in relation to the gold price. Whenever, the gold price is climbing, Chinese demand is subdued, accompanied by low SGE premiums; when the gold price is decreasing, SGE withdrawals and premiums in China shoot up. The relationship between the gold price and SGE withdrawals can be viewed in exhibit 1. Below in exhibit 8 & 9, readers can see the relationship between “SGE end of day prices and premiums”.

shanghai-gold-exchange-sge-gold-premium-2009-novemner-2016

Exhibit 8. SGE end of day prices and premiums.

shanghai-gold-exchange-sge-gold-premium-2009-november-2016-ma

Exhibit 9. SGE end of day prices and premiums, including moving averages which make the inverse correlation more visible.

Note, the gold price on the SGE and the premium have an inverse correlation. I already mentioned that SGE withdrawals in the first nine months of 2016 have been subdued due to a rally in the gold price. However, high premiums at the SGE in November forecast elevated withdrawals for the month. Since Trump got elected on November 9, and price of gold started tumbling, SGE premiums have broken a three-year record. This signals strong demand. In the next chart from Goldchartsrus.com we can see the premium on the SGE’s most traded physical contract Au99.99 has risen since November 9 and reached 3 % by 24 November. Levels not seen since 2013 (exhibit 8).sgepremiums-november-2016

Exhibit 10. Intraday SGE premium (Au99.99 versus XAUUSD)

Although the relationship between the gold price and SGE premiums has been in place for years, Reuters reports the high premiums in November are caused by worries on import restrictions. From Reuters:

Gold premiums in top consumer China jumped to the highest in nearly three years this week on worries over a supply shortage that traders said were due to Beijing's efforts to restrict import licenses. … "While we don't have the exact numbers, we hear that they (Chinese government) have limited the number of importers," said Dick Poon, general manager at Heraeus Precious Metals in Hong Kong.

To me this statement doesn't make sense. At this moment that are 15 banks approved by the PBOC to import gold. Limiting the number of importers would cause less importers to import more gold in order to balance the domestic market (supply gold from abroad when necessary). In the Measures for the Import and Export of Gold and Gold Products drafted by the PBOC in March 2015 it states:

… An applicant for the import … of gold … shall have corporate status, … it is a financial institution member or a market maker on a gold exchange [SGE] approved by the State Council. … The main market players with the qualifications for the import … of gold shall assume the liability of balancing the supply and demand of material objects on the domestic gold market. Gold to be imported … shall be registered at a spot gold exchange [SGE] approved by the State Council where the first trade shall be completed.

The Chinese government could lower imports by distributing less "import licences" to approved banks. As, every approved bank still needs to submit for a license for every gold import batch. Logically, lowering imports would be done by the PBOC through handing out less licences. From the PBOC:

There shall be one Import … License of the People’s Bank of China for … Gold Products for each batch … and the License shall be used within 40 work days since the issuing date.

If the PBOC wanted to lower imports, it would simply hand out less licences. No need to "limit the number of importers". Either way, I expect SGE withdrawals to be strong for November.

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