A New Problem For Mexico: Consumer Confidence Crashes To Record Low

While the biggest threat facing Mexico, and its unpopular president Enrique Pena Nieto, in the past month has been President Trump’s insistence on building a “Massive Wall”, which Mexico would pay for, as well as Trump’s threats of renegotiating NAFTA, today we got a fresh reminder that America’s neighbor to the south has another looming problem: a rapidly deteriorating economy coupled with surging inflation on the back of the recent 20% price hike for gasoline, which culminated in a record crash in Mexican consumer confidence.

While the whisper number was 84.9, and the survey said 83.5 the actual print came in at an unprecedented 68.5 (69.3 seasonally adjusted) the lowest print on record. Consumer confidence posted a broad based and extraordinarily large 17.9% mom decline in January (-25.7% yoy), and has now declined in 7 of the past 8 months. The aggregate consumer confidence is at the weakest level since the series began to be reported in April 2011.

Significant declines were recorded across all of the five confidence sub-indices. Furthermore, consumers become more negative about both the current and expected personal and, in particular, the overall economic picture. The index measuring the current situation of the individual household posted a 9.7% mom sa decline and the index measuring perceptions of the future situation of the household declined by an even larger 15.6% mom sa. Furthermore, the index assessing consumers’ perceptions of the current economic picture posted a large 22.6% mom sa decline and the forward-looking index assessing expectations with regards to the outlook for the economy posted a 23.6% mom sa decline. Finally, the index measuring the current capacity of households to buy durable goods compared with a year ago posted a 23.5% mom sa decline.

The sharp decline in consumer confidence reflects the surge in inflation in January driven by the very large double digit increase in gasoline and gas prices, which triggered several episodes of public social discontent, as well as ongoing concerns about Trump.  As Goldman warns, weakening consumer and business confidence is a source of growing concern about the outlook for real activity as it turns consumers/households more defensive (increases precautionary savings and reduces the appetite to buy durable goods) and through it undermines the hitherto strong buoyancy of private consumption

As Bloomberg adds Mexico’s consumers have been propping up growth for the past couple of years (and contributing to the current-account deficit). Retail spending accelerated to a seven-year high in the 12 months through November. Today’s plunge will surely impact retail and banking stocks and feed through into rate expectations, sending shopper on the “back foot.”

The number is likely to drop further: Mexico’s annual inflation shot up in early January to 4.78%, its fastest pace in over four years, stoked by a government-led increase in gasoline prices. Consumer prices are seen rising to over 5.2 percent this year, according to a central bank poll published this week, a move well above policymakers’ upper limit of 4 percent that will likely fuel further interest rate hikes.

Trump’s victory has sent shock waves through Mexico, threatening to upend years of cooperation between the neighboring countries. U.S. threats to rip up a free trade deal with Mexico cast a chill over company investment plans, while worries of slower growth and inflation could hit private spending.

“The fall in consumer confidence is directly related with Donald Trump taking office, and his threats toward Mexico, but it’s also affected by inflationary pressures,” Gabriela Siller, of Banco BASE, said in an investor note.

No matter the cause, unless the rapid plunge in public sentiment is arrested Mexico will have greater problems than just Trump to deal with in the near future, including political turbulence which could sweep the current regime from power, leading to a power vacuum at a time when Mexico is most vulnerable to pressure from its far more powerful neighbor to the north, giving Trump free reign to make even more aggressive demands, resulting in even further public anger on the ground in Mexico, until eventually something snaps.

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Jobs Report: ‘No Rate Hike for You’ – Gold Concurs

No Rate Hike for You

Here’s Chris Barraud’s quick analysis of the Unemployment numbers this morning. He is one of the people that MarketSlant follows closely

Here are the rest of his comments on the report as tweeted:

 (1) | Nonfarm payrolls rose 227K in December (up 70K compared to December) and above estimates of 180K.
 (2) | On the manufacturing front, payrolls increased by 5K while the index of aggregate weekly hours soared 0.3% MoM…
 (3) | …which implies a ? in the January Manufacturing Production (February 15th).
 (4) | Wages growth slowed on a monthly basis, ? 0.1% (vs 0.3%e) and bringing the annual rate down to 2.5% from 2.8% in December.
 (5) | The stabilization in the workweek (34.4) combined with the ? in payrolls led aggregate hours worked (a proxy for GDP growth)…
 (6) | …to increase by 0.16% MoM (vs +0.40% prior).
 (7) | The unemployment rate, unrounded, ? to 4.780% (vs 4.716% prior) because of a ? in the participation rate (62.9% vs 62.7% prior)
 (8) | The underemployment rate rose to 9.4% (highest since Oct. 2016) as the…
 (9) | …the number of Americans working part-time for economic reasons increased by 242K.
 (10) | All in all, the report looks somehow disappointing and offers room for policy makers to wait before raising rates.

Gold Concurs

interactive chart HERE

As of this writing: April Gold is $1221.70 last, up $5.30. March Silver is $17.50 up 7 cents

About Chris: Chief Economist & Strategist at Market Securities | PhD | Bloomberg
Top Forecaster of the US Economy [2012-2016] & Eurozone [2015-2016]

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US Military Release Video Intel Obtained From Yemen Raid, Show Bomb-Making Lessons

US Central Command has released clips from five longer videos seized in the Jan. 29 raid in Yementhat left one Navy SEAL dead – showing a small sample of the sort of intelligence information that was obtained in the site exploitation mission against an al-Qa’eda in the Arabian Peninsula staging area, propaganda center, and logistics hub for AQAP’s terrorist network this past weekend.

The US CENTCOM Statement reads:

Post-raid analysis has determined that several of the previously announced 14 enemies killed were terrorist network leaders and facilitators. Officials now believe that Sultan al Dhahab and Abd-al-Ra’uf al-Dhahab, two longstanding AQAP operational planners and weapons experts, were among the enemy killed at the scene.  The militants were killed during the raid that also cost the life of a U.S. servicemember.
 
The videos released today are samples of a series of detailed, do-it-yourself lessons intended for aspiring terrorist bomb-makers and included an exhortation to use those techniques to attack the West. The full-length videos, from which these clips were extracted, were taken from a computer seized by U.S. special operations servicemembers during the raid.

 

The presence of terrorist leaders at the headquarters, along with several other AQAP personalities, is consistent with pre-strike assesments that the compound was used as a staging location, propaganda center, and logistics hub for AQAP’s terrorist network.

 

One of the videos demonstrates the process for making Triacetone Triperoxide, an explosive used in numerous terrorist attacks, including the attempted “shoebomber” attack in 2001 and the attacks across the London transportation system in 2005.

 

“The videos are one example of the volumes of sensitive al-Qa’eda terror-planning information recovered during the operation,” said Col. John J. Thomas, U.S. Central Command spokesman,  “What was captured from the site has already afforded insights into al-Qa’eda leadership, AQAP methods of exporting terror, and how they communicate.” 

 

“The raid was an aggressive move to bring us closer to understanding, tracking, and eradicating AQAP. The U.S. remains committed to eradicating the threats posed by these terrorists and denying them space and time to plot attacks.”

 

The remainder of the recovered information will remain classified.

AQAP has a long history of plotting, inspiring, and exporting terror to America and the West.  The “underwear bomber,” Boston Marathon attack, and the attack on the Charlie Hebdo offices in Paris are all the responsibility of AQAP.

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US Sends Navy Destroyer Off Yemen Coast As Tensions With Iran Rise

While there were some hopes President Trump would demilitarize US presence in the Middle East, they are quickly getting dashed with every passing day, and following Trump’s announcement last week he would implement “safe zones” in Syria which would boost US troop presence in the region, on Friday US officials announced they had moved a Navy destroyer –the USS Cole, which in 2000 was infamously attacked by terrorists while on dock in Yemen’s Aden harbor – off the coast of Yemen to protect waterways from Houthi militia aligned with Iran, according to Reuters, citing heightened tension between Washington and Tehran.

More details from Reuters

The USS Cole arrived in the vicinity of the Bab al-Mandab Strait off southwestern Yemen where it will carry out patrols including escorting vessels, the officials said.

 

While U.S. military vessels have carried out routine operations in the region in the past, this movement is part of an increased presence there aimed at protecting shipping from the Iran-allied Houthis, they said.

 

The Houthis are allied to Iran, which is at odds with new U.S. President Donald Trump over its recent test launch of a ballistic missiles. Trump said on Thursday that “nothing is off the table” in dealing with Iran, a day after his national security adviser, Michael Flynn said he was putting Iran “on notice.”

On Friday, tensions with Iran increased further on Friday when the U.S. Treasury Department announced sanctions on 13 people and 12 entities under U.S. Iran sanctions authority.

Earlier this week Houthi insurgents reportedly attacked a Saudi warship off the western coast of Yemen, causing an explosion that killed two crew members. That incident was part of an escalation in combat on Yemen’s western coast between the militia and the coalition backing the country’s internationally recognized government. 


An explosion is seen onboard what is believed to be a Saudi
warship, off the western coast of Yemen, earlier this week

It followed a similar escalation last October, the U.S. military launched cruise missile strikes to knock out three coastal radar sited in areas of Yemen controlled by Houthi forces, retaliating after failed missile attacks on another U.S. destroyer.   

For now, the US position on the Yemen war is to remain closely alligned with Saudi Arabia, which continues its relentless bombing campaign of the sovereign nation, in the process killing thousands of innocent civilians. The quid-pro-quo for the US remains a familiar one: selling equipment, ammunition and supplies to Riyadh, and generally not changing the course of US diplomacy in the region.

Meanwhile, as US builds up a navy presence around Yemen, here is the latest positioning of US naval forces around the globe.

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The “Other” Dow Theory Is Waving A Red Flag

Via Dana Lyons' Tumblr,

While the Dow Industrials remain near all-time highs, the Utilities are well off of their highs; this has signaled trouble in the past.

Back in May 2015, we wrote a series of posts on divergences in the equity market. The series was partially inspired by the considerable attention being paid to the prevailing divergence between the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) and the Dow Transportation Average (DJT). Of course, the relationship between those 2 indices form the basis of the popular “Dow Theory”. And while there are multiple stipulations to the Dow Theory, its crux is based on the confirmation or divergence between the 2 indices. And the failure at that time of the DJT to confirm the new high in the DJIA was concerning some market observers.

Upon a study of the historical relationship between the 2 indices, our assessment was that the Dow Theory, or at least that part of it, was a bit overrated. It’s not that it was wholly irrelevant. Indeed there were multiple examples of divergences signaling major cyclical tops in the markets. And, in fact, that May 2015 occasion marked a significant intermediate-term top prior to the considerable market weakness over the subsequent eight months. However, we found the divergences to be just too unreliable as a market signal.

On the other hand, there were other divergences occurring at the time that we felt were more worthy of investors’ concern. One such divergence dealt with the sister index of the DJIA and DJT, i.e., the Dow Jones Utility Average (DJU) (as an aside, for all you Dow Theory disciples, we are not applying the actual Dow Theory rules to the DJU, just the divergence statistics). The DJU was also badly diverging at the time and since we had similar historical data as the DJIA and DJT, we thought we would take a look at those such divergences. As it turns out, large divergences of the Utilities historically demonstrated much more reliability as a harbinger of trouble than the Transports, according to our study.

We bring this up today because while the DJIA continues to hang up near its highs, the DJU is once again diverging, sitting well off of its 52-week highs. Thus, we revisited the 2015 post and updated the divergence study. Specifically, we looked for any time that the DJIA traded at a 52-week high while the DJU was at least 10% below its own high. Since 1943, there have been 73 days matching this criteria (many of the dates fell in clusters; though the clusters were of similar numbers of days so we included all such days).

image

 

We will note that at last week’s DJIA 52-week high, the DJU was 9.4% below its high so it barely missed meeting this criteria. However, there were numerous occurrences in November and December that qualified. And once again, if recent history is any guide, this might be a problem down the road because the performance of the indices following such divergences has not been good (FYI, by “recent”, we mean since 1943; such divergences prior to that were not as damaging.):

image

As the table shows, in the intermediate-term following these divergences, returns on both the DJIA and the DJU were exceptionally weak. After 3 months, the DJIA was lower by a median -4.1%, with 80% of the occurrences showing losses. The DJU was also down a median of -4.1% after 3 months, with 75% losers. 6 months after the events, median returns were even worse for the DJIA and DJU at -4.9% and -7.5%, respectively. And even out to 12 months, the majority of these divergences saw both indices lower.

So while the recent simultaneous, confirming highs in the Dow Industrials and Transports has Dow Theorists quite bullish at the moment, the lesser-watched relationship between the DJIA and the Utilities is not quite so positive. Will this divergence be a sign of trouble again this time? There are no guarantees. However, if the historical pattern holds true, we can expect the weakness to begin soon as it has been over a month since the November-December occurrences.

*  *  *

More from Dana Lyons, JLFMI and My401kPro.

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Venezuelan Police Arrest Eight Bitcoin Miners in Two Weeks, and the Country’s Leading Bitcoin Exchange Suspends Operations

Venezuelan police have arrested eight bitcoin miners in the last two week, and the country’s leading bitcoin exchange announced yesterday that it’s suspending operations because its bank account was revoked. The recent spate of incidents is causing members of the country’s bitcoin community to take new measures to conceal their activities.

Yesterday the Policía Nacional Bolivariana (PNB) announced that two men identified as Adan Erick Tapia Salas, 37, and Edwald Antonio Tapia Salas, 31, were arrested in Caracas. PNB officers caught the two men through the online marketplace MercadoLibre, where they were attempting to sell bitcoin mining equipment. Bitcoin mining and the buying and selling of computer equipment isn’t illegal in Venezuela, and it’s not clear if the authorities have filed formal charges in the case.

In a separate incident, the PNB raided a warehouse in the city of Valencia last Friday with 11,000 bitcoin mining computers. They arrested Eusebio Gómez Henríquez, 51, and Andrés Alejandro Carrero Martínez, 35, who were accused of cybercrime, financing terrorism, stealing electricity, and exchange fraud.

An official statement linked the two men to a criminal network operating from PolanTwo bitcoin miners arrested in Venezuela ||| Policía Nacional Bolivariana (PNB)d. As the Venezuelan bitcoin news site CriptoNoticias reports, apparently the basis for this claim is that many of the discovered mining computers were purchased from a Polish seller, who advertised them through the online forum BitcoinTalk in August of 2015.

One of the arrested miners, Andrés Carrero, attended Miami Dade College and worked on and off in commercial real estate sales in the Miami area for over a decade before “disappearing about a year ago,” according to the leasing manager at his former company. Carrero also ran a company called North American Merchant Services headquartered in Coral Gables, Florida, which offered foreigners the opportunity to set up mining computers in his operations center in exchange for a revenue split.

In yet another incident, agents from the Cuerpo de Investigaciones Científicas Penales y Criminalisticas (CICPC) arrested four bitcoin miners in the town of Charallave on January 25.

The discovery of the massive mining facility in Valencia is causing a backlash that’s making it harder for Venezuelans to exchange bitcoins for local currency. SurBitcoin, the country’s leading exchange, announced yesterday that its bank account was being revoked and that users should withdraw their money from the service immediately to avoid losing funds. The company says it expects to be operating again in “approximately two weeks.” In the meantime, it encouraged customers to use the peer-to-peer trading site LocalBitcoins.

Seized warehouse with 11,000 bitcoin miners in Venezuela ||| Policía Nacional Bolivariana (PNB)Rodrigo Souza, the founder and CEO of the company that runs SurBitcoin’s exchange platform, attributed the temporary closure to the recent arrests in Valencia. “When it was found that there were 11,000 mining computers consuming the energy to power a whole town at a time when there are severe electricity shortages, it triggered a reaction,” he said. “We were not contacted by the government, but our bank is revoking our account because it doesn’t want to be involved. We are currently reaching out to other banking partners.”

Prior to January 25, Venezuela’s only known bitcoin-related arrests occurred in March of 2016, when three men were detained in separate incidents by the Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional (SEBIN). (They’ve all since been released.) With the recent incidents, there are now three separate law enforcement agencies that have arrested bitcoin miners in Venezuela.

Bitcoin is proving to be a potentially life-saving technology in a country experiencing severe shortages of food and medicine. Many Venezuelans are using the internet-based currency to circumvent the country’s currency countrols and import essential goods, including groceries and pharmaceuticals. Bitcoin also provides a way for Venezuelans living abroad to send money home to their relatives.

Bitcoin mining, an energy-intensive process in which computers solve complex equations and get rewarded in newly minted currency, is unusually profitable in Venezuela because electricity is heavily subsidized by the socialist government.

As I argued in a January 2017 feature story, bitcoin mining in Venezuela is turning “socialism against itself.”

For more on the impact cryptocurrency is having in this crumbling South American nation, read “The Secret, Dangerous World of Venezuelan Bitcoin Mining” from our January 2017 issue.

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The US Dollar Bulls Are Falling for a DANGEROUS Trap…

As we have repeatedly warned, anyone who is betting on the Trump Presidency unleashing a massive $USD bull market in the near future is going to get taken to the cleaners.

This has already begun…

One of the single most dangerous traps for traders to avoid is a “False Breakout.”

False breakouts are moves in which an asset “breaks out” of a formation, leading many to believe that the move is legitimate… then suddenly KA-BLAM, the move reverses violently.

See the $USD today. This looks more and more like a false breakout, which means YES, the $USD is going to sub’90s if not lower within 12 months.

Those who believe Trump wants the $USD above 100 are not paying attention. Similarly, those who believe that the Fed can and will raise rates three times in 2017 are missing the big picture.

NEITHER OF THOSE IS GOING TO HAPPEN. And if you’re investing based on them, you’re in for a LOT of pain.

If you’re looking to profit from the REAL impact Trump’s Presidency will have on the market (and the massive opportunities this situation presents), we’ve put together a Special Investment Report outlining three investment strategies that will produce major returns as a result of Trump’s economic policies.

It’s titled How to Profit From the Trump Trade and we are giving away just 100 copies for free.

To pick up your copy, swing by

http://ift.tt/2ktrX6e

Best Regards

Graham Summers

Chief Market Strategist

Phoenix Capital Research

 

 

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Wall Street Responds To Today’s Jobs Report

Following today’s jobs report, the market’s reaction to the unexpectedly strong January payrolls visualized in the charts below, is straightforward: the disappointing wage growth is an indication that the Fed may not hike rates for quite a bit longer than expected, and will likely will be forced to reduce its rate hike expectations from 3 to 2 (in line with the market) or fewer if wage growth continue to stagnate.

Sure enough, Wall Street’s strategists agree. As the following compilation of reactions shows, the prevailing reaction to today’s report is that while January job gains beat expectations, slower wage growth and disappointing underemployment figures help temper expectations for a near-term Fed hike.

Some examples, courtesy of Bloomberg:

TD (Mark McCormick)

  • Jobs number is sweet spot for risk markets; growth is holding up with little impetus to nudge the Fed into action next month
  • A softer read on wages and uncertainty over the economic agenda probably keeps USD sidelined for a bit longer
  • This scenario favors continued momentum in some of the growth-sensitive currencies; could see the rallies in AUD, NZD and even NOK persist near-term

BofA (Michelle Meyer)

  • Investors were setting up for a higher number given upside surprise in ADP on Wednesday; however, this was offset by increase in unemployment and softness in wages
  • Report suggests labor market might not be as tight as previously believed
  • Likelihood of the Fed hiking in March is fairly low and jobs report consistent with that
  • BofA expects one Fed rate increase this year, in September, with risk of two rate hikes

Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi (Chris Rupkey)

  • January employment report “strikes a blow” in hopes for a faster pace of rate hikes from “slow and steady” Fed
  • “‘Big jobs today, but what about tomorrow’ will be the concern from Fed officials”
  • Fed will be unlikely to act before there’s more certainty in Trump policies that could boost growth, make easier monetary conditions from Fed less necessary

Societe Generale (Stephen Gallagher and Omair Sharif)

  • Jobs report shows “no additional pressure on the Fed to move beyond its indications of gradual rate hikes”
  • “Evidence on labor market tightness abated in January”

Goldman Sachs (led by Jan Hatzius)

  • Report “appears consistent with healthy economic growth, but only moderate pressure on labor resources”
  • Reduces odds of a rate hike in March to 15% from 35%
  • Maintains call for 3 rate increases this year, in June, September and December

CIBC (Avery Shenfeld, note)

  • Only sore spot in jobs report was avg hourly earnings
  • “Although the annual rate of wage inflation was likely to decelerate a couple of ticks, the fall from the revised 2.8% to 2.5% will be seen as a counterbalance to the stronger headline payroll number”

Janus Capital (Bill Gross)

  • “Schizophrenic report” doesn’t alleviate skepticism about 3-4 percent growth promised by Trump administration
  • “I think we’re stuck in a 2% real GDP world”
  • While slow wage growth may be good for corporate profits, for consumers, “if their money is only growing at 2.5%, that’s a slow-growth economy”

Market Securities (Christophe Barraud)

  • January payrolls report “looks somehow disappointing,” will create uncertainty among policy makers that wage pressures are materializing and full employment is close
  • Could damp expectations for tighter policy
  • Slowing wage growth suggests both personal income and spending were weak in January
    Underemployment results disappointed, while number of people working part-time increased by 242k; numbers don’t confirm that labor slack diminished

Marketfield Asset Management (Michael Shaoul)

  • January jobs report “noisy” yet kept prior trends intact
  • Weaker avg hourly earnings “greeted with some relief since it reduces the pressure on the FOMC to act in early part of 2017”
  • Avg hourly earnings “is a lousy data series, but we accept it is one that the FOMC will follow when setting policy”

BNY Mellon (Marvin Loh)

  • Tempered Fed expectations are biggest market takeaway from report, as it signals existence of more slack in labor market than headline unemployment rate would suggest
  • “Any trough and subsequent increase in the participation rate would indicate continued jobs growth with limited wage pressure, a possible holy grail for corporate America”
  • After report, anyone who thought Fed might raise rates in March will likely move their forecast to June

ING (James Knightley)

  • Wages were a ‘big miss’’ but this likely is a “temporary slowdown with strong employment numbers ensuring that the trend is for faster wage growth in the months ahead”
  • ING reiterates forecast for March Fed rate hike; expects that to be followed by another increase in 3Q
  • “GDP growth on an upward trend”
  • “Inflation figures looking consistent with the Fed’s medium term aspirations” so case for March hike “remains strong”

SouthBay (Andrew Zatlin)

  • January data did not capture minimum wage hikes, which will show up in February, and that helped suppress wage inflation; expect a bigger jump next month
  • If assumption is correct, the current environment of a patient Fed with slower and more gradual rate hikes could flip after next month’s jobs data

Evercore (Krishna Guha)

  • January NFP report creates “little need for the Fed to pull forward the next rate hike to March”
  • A move by May “is slightly more likely than not,” given strength in hiring
  • Combination of strong employment growth with more supply to keep Fed “at bay” for now, “is perfect for U.S. equities”

Prestige Economics (Jason Schenker)

  • Continued job creation backs hawkish Fed
  • “A March Fed rate hike is a lock” after supportive jobs report and slightly stronger language regarding inflation in the Fed statement this week
  • “We have been expecting a March rate hike, and only a shocking turn of policy or major upheaval in financial markets would derail that expectation”
  • Sees upside risks for USD before Fed’s March meeting

Source: Bloomberg

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In Bowling Green ‘Massacre,’ FBI Agents Foiled an FBI Terror Plot

Fresh off of making-up a massacre on national television, Trump advisor Kellyanne Conway has been trying to rationalize her rhetoric—a rant about how the media didn’t cover Obama’s refugee ban after the “Bowling Green Massacre” of 2011—by claiming that what she meant to say was “Bowling Green terrorists.” While there may not have been a terrorist “massacre”—or any terrorist violence at all—in Bowling Green, Kentucky, there was a terrorist plot uncovered, Conway noted Friday on Twitter, quickly shifting the spotlight back to the supposed danger posed by Islamic refugees.

Conway is correct about a few things: there were two Bowling Green men arrested for terrorism; they were Iraqis who had come to the U.S. through a refugee resettlement program; and their story did prompt then-President Obama to slow or suspend Iraqi-refugee immigration for around six months. But there are a few other key things to keep in mind about this Bowling Green “terrorist plot”…

1. It was concocted entirely by the FBI.

The young men involved, Waad Ramadan Alwan and Mohanad Shareef Hammadi, had come to the U.S. in 2009 as part of a program for displaced Iraqis. Once settled in Kentucky, the men were solicited by undercover FBI agents to help them send money and weapons to militants back in Iraq.

In August 2010, a confidential FBI informant first met with Alwan and “represented to Alwan that he was working with a group to ship money and weapons to Mujahadeen in Iraq,” according to an FBI statement. From that fall through the following spring, the FBI informant invited Alwan to participate in 10 operations to send weapons or money to Iraq. Hammadi joined in the efforts, recruited by Alwan, in January 2011. Throughout the operations, the FBI supplied all materials and took care of all logistics for the imaginary operation, with Alwan and Hammadi merely offering manpower.

Despite the FBI’s then-assertion that Alwan and Hammadi were just the tip of the terrorist-cell iceberg in small-town Kentucky, the agency never found additional terrorist agents in the area.

2. It did not involve plans to attack in the U.S.

Back in Iraq, Alwan and Hammadi had been involved efforts to fight off invading U.S. soldiers during the early days of the Iraq war, according to what they told undercover officials. But throughout their interactions with undercover FBI agents in 2010 and 2011, Alwan and Hammadi never discussed plans to attack anyone or cause destruction on U.S. soil. And while they were found guilty of attempting to provide material support to al Queda militants back in Iraq, the men never indicated that they were personally in contact with any militants, attempted to procure weapons for such individuals, or attempted to provide any of their own money to such individuals. Rather, they showed up when and where the FBI informant told them to and helped physically load decoy supplies into whatever they were allegedly being shipped from. (For more on the FBI’s history of manufacturing terrorists, see here.)

3. It’s in rare company.

According to the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute, only three of the 784,000 refugees cleared for U.S. resettlement since 2001—the two Bowling Green men and a male refugee from Uzbekistan—have been arrested for terrorism or plotting terrorist acts. The Uzbek man, Fazliddin Kurbanov, had come here with his parents as Christian refugees who were being persecuted for their religion in Uzbekistan. But once in the U.S. for a few years, Kurbanov converted to Islam. He was convicted in 2015 for possessing unregistered explosives and attempting to provide money and computer support to the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. Kurbanov was sentenced to 25 years in federal prison. Hammadi was sentenced to life in prison, and Alwan to 40 years.

As Ronald Bailey noted here in 2015, there have been several other terrorism arrests attributed to refugees, such as the Tsarnaev brothers, better known as the Boston Marathon bombers. But the Tsarnaev brothers weren’t admitted to the U.S. as refugees but as the minor children of adults granted asylum. “The distinction between refugees and asylees is not just a legal technicality,” explains Bailey. “Aslyees are self-selected—they show up at or within the border and apply for asylum. As long as the asylum application is pending, they cannot be thrown out of the country. In contrast, refugees are generally designated as such by U.N. officials, and they usually live in refugee camps. They go through a vetting process that takes up to two or three years.”

There may be slightly more rogue refugees than the Migration Policy Institute estimates. There was also Mohamed Osman Mohamud, “the would-be Portland Christmas bomber” of 2010, who came to the U.S. as a 5-year-old with parents who were either refugees or asylees; he was turned in to the FBI by his father. And Ramiz and Sedina Hodzic, two of six Bosnian immigrants indicted in 2015 for allegedly sending money to ISIS, wre also admitted as refugees when they were children. Yet as Bailey notes, Kurbanov, Mohamud, and the Hodzics were all radicalized after coming to America. “None of these people, be they refugees or anything else, were sleeper agents who intentionally remained inactive for a long period, established a secure position, and then struck. None, in other words, fit the scenario being bandied about to justify keeping the Syrians out.”

4. It’s been used to support anti-refugee sentiment ever since.

Following news of Alwan and Hammadi’s arrests, the U.S. State Department slowed the processing of Iraqi refugee visa applications to a near-halt for several months. Since then, this “Bowling Green terror plot” has resurfaced several times when politically convenient. In 2015, Sen. Rand Paul (R-Kentucky) used it as fodder for why we needed to block Obama from allowing in additional Syrian refugees. Now it’s being used by the Trump administration to justify the president’s recent executive order temporary banning immigration from seven countries.

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Thomas Pynchon, Sitcom Star

Now that television is a certified High Art and Americans binge-watch densely woven intertextual narratives for fun, I wouldn’t be surprised if you told me tomorrow that Netflix is releasing a 30-part adaptation of Gravity’s Rainbow with an option for a second season. But when I settled in one Tuesday evening in 1993 to watch The John Larroquette Show, a short-lived sitcom about a recovering alcoholic managing a St. Louis bus depot, TV was a medium with more modest ambitions. So I was kind of surprised when, a couple minutes into the episode, it launched into an extended Thomas Pynchon joke. There were places I expected to see references to Pynchon’s paranoid postmodern novels, but this was not one of them.

The full episode, called “Newcomer,” doesn’t seem to be online. (Or rather, it’s online only in that cropped-and-slowed-down format that YouTubers use to avoid the copyright police.) But you can see that scene, and a follow-up sequence near the end of the episode, in the clip below. Pynchon himself signed off on the dialogue (which is a little “racially charged,” as they say), and there are rumors that the famously camera-shy writer slipped onscreen as an extra. Probably false rumors, but don’t let that stop you from searching for him as you enjoy a TV moment so strange that for years I thought I might have dreamed it:

Bonus links: Pynchon later had two cameos on The Simpsons. Watch ’em here and here. For past editions of the Friday A/V Club, go here.

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