Franklin Roosevelt, who took office in the final year of Prohibition, issued some 1,300 pardons for alcohol-related offenses during his first three terms. As a 1939 report from the Justice Department explained, “pardon may be proper” in light of “changed public opinion after a period of severe penalties against certain conduct which is later looked upon as much less criminal, or as no crime at all.” The report cited Prohibition as “a recent example.”
That logic made sense to governors as well. When Indiana repealed its alcohol prohibition law in 1933, Gov. Paul McNutt (D) issued pardons or commutations to about 400 people who had been convicted of violating it. “If these men were kept in prison after the liquor law is repealed,” he said, “they would be political prisoners.”
Alcohol prohibition lasted 14 years. Marijuana prohibition has been with us almost six times as long. Police have arrested people for violating it about 20 million times in the last three decades alone. Many of those people were ultimately convicted of felonies that sent them to prison, although the vast majority were charged with simple possession and spent little or no time behind bars. Either way, marijuana offenders have had to contend with the lingering effects of a criminal record, which can shape people’s lives long after they complete their sentences, writes Jacob Sullum.
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